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American History
We offer a rich array of courses and expertise which range, chronologically, from colonial times, through the early national era and the Civil War, to the late twentieth century. Thematically, we support advanced work in such fields as Indigenous Nations, race and gender, the West and Borderlands, environmental history, culture and society, military and diplomatic history, among others. We encourage creativity in determining your program of study.
Faculty in American History at the University of Kansas
A full description of their research interests can be found at the listings above.. We also maintain close ties with faculty in African and African-American Studies, American Studies, Women's Studies, and Economics. Occasionally, we even maintain close ties with faculty in our own department!
We emphasize choice and flexibility in our requirements. We combine innovation with tradition. We try to give our students a thorough grounding in the broad, diverse sweep of the nation's experience as well as depth in a chosen area of concentration. And we encourage frequent contact and close working relationships between students and their faculty advisors.
To support the mission of a major research university, the University of Kansas libraries hold over 3 million volumes, and historians can find more useful material in the Spencer Research Library's vast archival holdings.
Degrees and Requirements in U.S. History
Prospective students can apply either to the M.A. or Ph.D. degree program. Normally, all coursework for either degree must be completed at the University of Kansas, though it is possible (through petition) to transfer up to six hours of graduate credit earned elsewhere.
The core of the U.S. field is a series of three colloquia numbered 890-892. They focus on reading and discussing significant works in the major periods of U.S. history:
History 890 covers the period before 1800,
History 891 covers the nineteenth century, and
History 892 spans the twentieth century.
Every graduate student in history, regardless of field or degree, must also take History 805, The Nature of History.
The Master in History Program
This degree requires the satisfactory completion of 30 hours of graduate courses, including at least 6 hours in history research seminars. We do not require an M.A. thesis, but all candidates must submit a publishable, article-length paper of approximately 30 pages. At the end of their studies candidates must pass a comprehensive oral examination, which includes questions drawn from their research paper as well as their major and secondary fields.
M.A. students must also complete at least two of the U.S. colloquia numbered 890-892.
Beyond these common requirements, students may pursue one of two options or tracks:
- Three-field track
The three fields should be the equivalent of secondary fields drawn from the list of approved major fields. (See "Overview of Graduate Studies"). At least 9 hours of course work shall be taken in each of the fields. With the consent of his or her advisor, the student may substitute for one of the fields an "allied field" outside the Department of History. For example, International Relations may be chosen to complement a field in U.S. diplomatic history.
- Two-field (major and secondary) track
Here the student takes 18 hours in U.S. history and 9 hours in a secondary field.
The Doctorate in History program
Doctoral students must complete all three of the History 890-892 colloquia. Further, three courses in the program of study must be research seminars, one of them directed by the dissertation advisor.
Regardless of which track you take, a doctoral dissertation--usually at least 200 pages long--is required.
Beyond these universal requirements, students have two options or tracks open to them:
- Single-major track
Here the student selects U.S. history as the major field and takes 18 credit hours in it, 6 of which are in a particular area of concentration. Two secondary fields must also be chosen, with 6 hours in each of them. One of those secondary fields may be taken in a discipline outside of the History Department. At least one of them must focus on a non-U.S. field or involve substantial comparative study of another society or part of the world.
- Two-major track
This track allows students to pursue two major fields, one of them U.S. history and the other selected from the list of approved major fields. Each major field may range from 9 to 15 hours, totaling 24 hours for the two major fields together. This track requires only one secondary field of 6 credit hours.
Before you write your dissertation. . .
Before undertaking the dissertation, the student must (1) pass a written and oral comprehensive examination, and (2)demonstrate reading competence in two foreign languages or advanced reading competence and conversational facility in one foreign language. In some cases, an appropriate research skill may be substituted for the second language. Regardless of track, a doctoral dissertation is required--usually at least 200 pages long.
East Asian History
Students concentrating in a non-East Asian area (U.S., Europe, etc.) are encouraged to consider a secondary or minor field in East Asian history. Knowledge of an East Asian language is not required for East Asian secondary fields (at the Ph.D. level) or East Asian minor fields (at the M.A. level). TA and AI appointments are sometimes available for qualified East Asianists in the History Department. History graduate students can also be considered for TA positions in the Eastern Civilizations program and in language courses taught by the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures. FLAS grants are administered by the KU Center for East Asian Studies. Graduate students in East Asian history have also gained significant University and external funding in recent years, including Fulbright, Truman-Good Neighbor and University dissertation fellowships.
Faculty in the East Asian History at the University of Kansas
Ph.D. East Asia as Major Field
Track A
Students are required to complete course work and written comprehensive examinations in one "primary area" and in the two "secondary areas" listed below the "primary area" as follows:
Primary Area: |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
| Secondary Area |
Modern China |
Premodern China |
Modern Japan |
Premodern Japan |
| Secondary Area |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Students must take three colloquia or readings courses in their primary area, and one colloquium or readings course in each of their secondary areas. Upper-level undergraduate courses will generally not be considered adequate substitutes for these colloquia and readings courses.
All students must enroll in HIST 955 Seminar in East Asian History or a substitute readings course.
Students must demonstrate proficiency in two foreign languages (one of which must be the language of their primary area) prior to their oral comprehensive examinations.
Track B
Students are required to complete course work and written comprehensive examinations in two areas that together make up one of the following tracks:
Track |
Premodern East Asia |
Modern East Asia |
China |
Japan |
Area 1 |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Premodern China |
Premodern Japan |
Area 2 |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
Modern China |
Modern Japan |
Students must take at least one colloquium or readings courses in each of their required areas. Upper-level undergraduate courses will generally not be considered adequate substitutes for these colloquia and readings courses.
All students must enroll in HIST 955 Seminar in East Asian History or a substitute readings course.
Students must demonstrate proficiency in two foreign languages (one of which must be the language of their primary area) prior to their oral comprehensive examinations.
Ph.D. East Asia as a Secondary Field
Students are required to complete course work and written comprehensive examinations in two areas under one of the following tracks:
Track |
Premodern East Asia |
Modern East Asia |
China |
Japan |
Area 1 |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Premodern China |
Premodern Japan |
Area 2 |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
Modern China |
Modern Japan |
Students must take one colloquium or readings course in each of their required areas. Upper-level undergraduate courses will generally not be considered adequate substitutes for these colloquia and readings courses.
Knowledge of an East Asian language is not required.
M.A. East Asia as a Major Field
Students are required to complete course work in a "primary area" and two "secondary areas." Students must choose one of the following tracks:
Primary Area: |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
| Secondary Area |
Modern China |
Premodern China |
Modern Japan |
Premodern Japan |
| Secondary Area |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Students must take 18 hours in all, including at least two courses in their primary area and at least one course in each of their secondary areas. At least two of these courses should be 800-level colloquia or readings courses; at least 3 hours must be in seminars or substitute readings courses.
Foreign languages are not required at the M.A. level but it is strongly recommended that students pursuing East Asia as a major field gain proficiency in the relevant East Asian language.
M.A. East Asia as a Minor Field
Students are required to complete course work in two areas under one of the following tracks:
Track |
Premodern East Asia |
Modern East Asia |
China |
Japan |
Area 1 |
Premodern China |
Modern China |
Premodern China |
Premodern Japan |
Area 2 |
Premodern Japan |
Modern Japan |
Modern China |
Modern Japan |
Students must take 9 hours in all, including at least one course in each of their required areas. At least one of these courses should be an 800-level colloquium or readings course.
Knowledge of an East Asian language is not required.
Recent Doctoral Candidates
- Paul Dunscomb, "'The People Will Not Be Cheated," Domestic Criticism of Japan's Siberian Intervention and 'Imperial Democracy,' 1918-1922" (2001).
African History
Information coming soon. Thank you for your patience.
Environmental History
Environmental history first appeared as a new field about thirty years ago in the United States and now has spread to all parts of the world. Although it incorporates much older material from history and geography, environmental history represents a fresh approach to the human condition, one influenced by today's mounting problems in the environment. It looks at humankind's long, ever-changing relationship to the natural world, as it has been mediated through technology, science, systems of economic production and consumption, religion, race, gender, literature, government, and policy. Nature has been a powerful influence on the development of societies through such forces as climate and microorganisms. In turn, humans have increasingly become a powerful influence on topography, the atmosphere, and the evolution of organisms.
The University of Kansas has excellent resources for advanced study in this field. They include the Spencer Research Library, the science-oriented Anschutz Library, and (in Kansas City) the Linda Hall library, which also specializes in science and technology.
Ph.D. Graduate core
Doctoral students may choose this thematic field as part of Track B (two major fields and one secondary field). In addition to completing the three core courses listed below, they will take one elective course, for a total of 12 hours. That elective course may be in the natural sciences, cultural ecology, or geography, with the permission of the student's advisor.
Students who select Track A (one major field and two secondary fields) will be able to choose Environmental History as a secondary field and must take two courses from the core.
- History 806: Studies in World Environmental History
- History 879, Colloquium on North American Environmental History
- History 981, Seminar in Environment and History
M.A. Students working toward this degree can select Environmental History as one of their three fields (Option A), taking a minimum of nine hours in the field; or as the secondary field (Option B), with nine hours.
Supporting courses:
- History 562, United States Environmental History in the Twentieth Century
- History 591, Food in History: West and East
- History 635, The Invention of the Tropics
- History 636, Agriculture in World History
- History 808, Colloquium on Comparative History: The Plantation Complex
Plus individual readings courses on such topics as East Asian environmental history; Latin American environmental history; disease, ecology, and Indigenous Nations; the history of ecology and environmental science; or the development of environmental law & policy.
Native American History
Requirements for the Masters or Ph.D. in Indigenous Nations/American Indian History follow the general requirements for the American History field, but candidates must take at least two research seminars in the relevant field.
Military History
The University of Kansas claims a rich tradition in military history. Over the past twenty-five years, more than thirty students have completed M.A. degrees emphasizing military history, and some twenty students have earned Ph.D. degrees in this subfield of history. The KU Department of History has enjoyed a close association with the faculty, research programs, and students of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, located in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, just thirty miles north of Lawrence. KU faculty and graduate students have access to the extensive holdings of the Combined Arms Research Library at CGSC. As well, since its inauguration in 1986, Modern War Studies, published by the University Press of Kansas, has become, arguably, the most outstanding book series anywhere in the field of military history
Prospective students can apply either to the M.A. or Ph.D. degree program. Normally, all coursework for either degree must be completed at the University of Kansas, though it is possible at the M.A. level (through petition) to transfer up to six hours of graduate credit earned elsewhere.
Faculty in Military History at the University of Kansas
Affiliated Faculty
M.A. Thematic Field in Military History
As part of the established department requirements, M.A. students offering military history take History 806, "The Study of Military History," at least one additional graduate colloquium in military history, and a research seminar emphasizing military history. Normally, completion of a M.A. is a prerequisite for admission to doctoral study at the University of Kansas.
Beyond these common requirements, students may pursue one of two options or tracks:
- A. Three-field track
The three fields should be the equivalent of secondary fields drawn from the list of approved major fields. (See "Overview of Graduate Studies"). At least 9 hours of course work shall be taken in each of the fields. With the consent of his or her advisor, the student may substitute for one of the fields an "allied field" outside the Department of History. For example, Conflict Resolution may be chosen to complement fields in U.S. and military history.
-
- B. Two-field (major and secondary) track
A student pursuing this option would complete 18 hours in a chronological/geographical field and 9 hours in military history.
-
PH.D. Thematic Major Field in Military History
General Requirements
The thematic major field in military history offers doctoral students the opportunity to pursue a special interest in doing research in and teaching military history in conjunction with one of the approved chronological-geographical major fields. Thus, any student desiring to offer military history as a major field must opt for Track "B" of the Department of History's "Ph.D. Requirements," which allows a student to pursue two major fields, one chronological/geographical and the other selected from the approved list of thematic major fields. Each major field may range from 9 to 15 credit hours with no more than 24 credit hours for the two major fields combined. Track "B" requires only one secondary field of 6 credit hours. Normally, a student pursuing a military history major field will follow the 5/3 option under Track "B, with 15 hours taken in a chronological-geographical major field, and a minimum of 9 credit hours taken in the military history major field.
Field Requirements
9 credit hours minimum
-
History 806, "The Study of Military History" (3)
- One of the following:
History 801, "Colloquium in History"**
History XXX, " War and Ancient Society"
History XXX, "War and Medieval Society"
History XXX, "War and Asian Society"
History XXX, "War and Russian Society"
History XXX, "War and European Society"
History XXX, "War and American Society"
- One of the following:
History 910, "Seminar in Roman History"**
History 919, "Seminar in Medieval History"**
History 929, "Seminar in Modern European History"**
History 949, "Seminar in Modern Russian History"**
History 955, "Seminar in East Asian History"**
History 974, "Seminar in American History,"**
- A secondary field (minimum 6 credit hours) in history or in a cognate discipline such as American Studies, Anthropology, Classics, English, Geography, Political Science, Sociology, or Theater and Film.
Related Courses
-
Any of a variety of courses may be taken to add breadth and depth to the major field in military history. Examples include:
History 334/734, "The Great War"
History 340/740, "America and World War II"
History 350/750, "The Korean War"
History 399/799, "Japan: Age of the Samurai"
History 402/702, "Roman Military History"
History 440/740, "War and United States Society"
History 522, "The Age of Religious Wars"
** When offered as military history.
Military History as a PH.D. Secondary Field
To fulfill the requirements for a Ph.D. secondary field in military history, a student must take History 806 and at least one of the geographical/temporal-specific colloquia in military history.
International History
The University of Kansas offers a broad range of opportunities for graduate study in international history. Of particular note are KU's Russian and East European, Latin American, East Asian, and African Studies programs, all of which include and cooperate closely with History faculty. Over the past thirty-five years, more than fifty students have completed M.A. degrees emphasizing international history, and some thirty-five students have earned Ph.D. degrees in this subfield of history. The KU Department of History has enjoyed a close association with the faculty, research programs, and students of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, located in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, just thirty miles north of Lawrence. KU faculty and graduate students have access to the extensive holdings of the Combined Arms Research Library at CGSC and benefit, as well, from proximity to the Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower presidential libraries.
Prospective students can apply either to the M.A. or Ph.D. degree program. Normally, all coursework for either degree must be completed at the University of Kansas, though it is possible at the MA level (through petition) to transfer up to six hours of graduate credit earned elsewhere.
Faculty in the International History at the University of Kansas
Affiliated Faculty
- Robert Baumann (Ph.D., Yale), Department of U.s. Army Command and General Staff College: 19th/20th century Russian and Central Asian history, peacekeeping operations
- Alice Butler-Smith (Ph.D., Kansas), School of Advanced Military Studies, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College: 20th century U.S.-Middle East relations
- Hal E. Wert (Ph.D., Kansas), Department of History, Kansas City Art Institute: American politics and foreign affairs, U.S. economic aid programs during and after World War II
- Lawrence Yates (Ph.D. Kansas), combat Studies Institute, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College: U.S. Military Interventions; U.S.-Latin American relations
M.A. Thematic Field in International History
As part of the established requirements, M.A. students offering international history must also take History 806, "The Study of International History," at least one additional graduate colloquium in international history, and a research seminar emphasizing international history. Normally, completion of a M.A. is a prerequisite for admission to doctoral study at the University of Kansas.
Beyond these common requirements, students may pursue one of two options or tracks:
- A. Three-field track
The three fields should be the equivalent of secondary fields drawn from the list of approved major fields. (See "Overview of Graduate Studies"). At least 9 hours of course work shall be taken in each of the fields. With the consent of his or her advisor, the student may substitute for one of the fields an "allied field" outside the Department of History. For example, International Relations may be chosen to complement fields in Modern European and military history.
-
- B. Two-field (major and secondary) track
A student pursuing this option would complete 18 hours in a chronological/geographical field and 9 hours in military history.
PH.D. Thematic Major Field in International History
General Requirements
The thematic major field in international history offers doctoral students the opportunity to pursue a special interest in doing research in and teaching international history in conjunction with one of the approved chronological-geographical major fields. Thus, any student desiring to offer international history as a major field must opt for Track "B" of the Department of History's "Ph.D. Requirements". Depending on requirements in the given chronological-geographical major field, students pursuing an international history major field may choose between the 5/3 or 4/4 options under Track "B'; i.e., either take 15 hours in a chronological/geographical major field and a minimum of 9 credit hours in the international history major field, or offer 12 hours in each of the two major fields.
Field Requirements
9 credit hours minimum
-
History 806, "The Study of International History" (3)
- One of the following:
History 801, "Colloquium in -----"**
History 808, " Colloquium in Comparative History"**
History 834, "Colloquium in the History of the British Empire"
History 844, "Colloquium on East Central Europe, 1772-1914"**
History845, "Colloquium on East Central Europe, 1914-present"**
History 847, "Colloquium in Modern Russian History"**
History 848, "Colloquium in 20th Century Russia"**
History XXX, "Colloquium in the International History of Modern Europe"
History XXX, "Colloquium in the International History of East Asia"
History XXX, "Colloquium America and International Relations"
- One of the following:
History 696, "Seminar in........"**
History 826, "Seminar in Latin American Foreign Relations"
History 826, "Seminar in Twentieth Century South America"**
History 853, "Research Seminar: The Atlantic World"
History 929, "Seminar in Modern European History"**
History 930, "Seminar in British History,"**
History 949, "Seminar in Modern Russian History"**
History 955, "Seminar in East Asian History"**
History 974, "Seminar in American History,"**
History 975, "Seminar in American Diplomatic History"
History XXX, "Seminar in International History"
- A secondary field (minimum 6 credit hours) in history or in a cognate discipline such as American Studies, Anthropology, Geography, Political Science, Sociology, or Theater and Film.
Related Courses
-
Any of a variety of courses may be taken to add breadth and depth to the major field in international history. Examples include:
History 509, "Multinational Corporations"
History 340/740, "The History of the Second World War"
History 350/750, "The Korean War"
History 548, "British History, 1832-present"
History 551,"Spain and Its Empire, 1450-1700"
History 565, "Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union"
History 567, "Oil, the Great Powers and the Persian Gulf"
History 568, "Russia in the 20th Century"
History 569, "The Middle East Since World War II"
History 629, "American Diplomatic History I"
History 630, "American Diplomatic History II"
** When emphasizing international relations broadly defined.
International History as a PH.D. Secondary Field
To fulfill the requirements for a Ph.D. secondary field in military history, a student must take History 806 and at least one of the geographical/temporal-specific colloquia in military history.
Ancient/Medieval History
Faculty in Ancient History at the University of Kansas
Emeriti
- James Brundage: Professor Brundage, formerly Ahmanson-Murphy Professor of Medieval European History, is an authority on the history of medieval canon law, the crusades, and universities.
- Lynn H. Nelson: Professor Nelson specializes in the history of medieval Spain and is a founder of H-Net.
- Richard Kay: Professor Kay specializes in the history of the German Empire and the literature of Dante.
Associated Faculty and Personnel
- Richard Ring: Collections Librarian and Adjunct Professor in Medieval History
- Richard Clement: Curator of Manuscripts, Spencer Research Library
- Hagith Sivan: Associate Professor of Late Antique History
- Carolyn Nelson: Adjunct Professor of Ancient History
- Luis Corteguera: Associate Professor of Early Modern European History (Renaissance)
- John Dardess: Associate Professor of Medieval Chinese History
- Caroline Jewers: Associate Professor of Medieval French Literature
- Isidro Rivera: Associate Professor of Medieval Spanish Literature
- Marilyn Stokstad: Murphy Professor of Medieval European Art History
- Margaret Childs: Associate Professor of Medieval Japanese Literature
- Sandra Zimdars-Swarz: Professor of Religious Studies
- Daniel Breslauer: Associate Professor of Religious Studies
- Maureen Gillespie: Medieval French Literature
- Tony Corbeill: Classics
- Tara Welch: Classics
Requirements for the Ph.D. in Medieval History
The Department of History welcomes applications from qualified students to its graduate program in Medieval History. While students are responsible for the general History Department requirements for the Ph.D. and M.A. degrees (as described in the Department's Graduate Handbook), our program requires its students to gain both coverage of the general history of medieval Europe and the specialized skills necessary for advanced research. Besides History courses and seminars, students are required to take courses in medieval Latin and other languages, as well as paleography. They are also encouraged to take courses in medieval studies outside the History Department, such as art history, relevant literatures, social sciences, and religious studies. The Program and the relelvant funding offices at KU strive to help students find funding for research in foreign archives where necessary. We encourage students to take part in local and national conferences where they may present their research. In addition, faculty advisers work with students to publish high-quality seminar papers.
The interdisciplinary foundation of the program is apparent in its faculty's diverse interests and approaches; in the seminars for graduate students and faculty held regularly at the Hall Center for the Humanities; and in the resources of the Spencer Research Library, with its extraordinary collection of medieval manuscripts, and the Spencer Art Museum, with its fine medieval and renaissance collection.
Students may choose between two tracks in preparation for the degree:
A. Track A
On Track A, students choose one Primary Area (Medieval European) and two Secondary Areas which may be regional, chronological, or topical. For example, a student might choose Medieval European for her Primary Area and Women's History and Modern European for Secondary Areas. Students must take three colloquia or readings courses in their primary area (for a total of nine hours of course work) and one colloquium or readings course (three hours course work) in each of their secondary areas. Upper-level undergraduate courses are generally not considered adequate substitutes for these colloquia and readings courses. Students must demonstrate proficiency in medieval Latin, paleography, and at least one other foreign language.
B. Track B
On Track B, students choose two Primary Areas (one of which must be Medieval European) and one Secondary Area, which may be regional, chronological, or topical. For example, a student might choose Medieval European with a specialization in history of Christianity and Renaissance/Reformation for his two Primary Areas, and Ancient History as his Secondary Area. Students must take two colloquia or readings courses in their primary area (for a total of six hours of course work) and one colloquium or readings course (three hours course work) in each of their secondary areas. Upper-level undergraduate courses are generally not considered adequate substitutes for these colloquia and readings courses. Students must take courses in medieval Latin, paleography, and at least one other foreign language.
Modern European History
Faculty in the Modern History at the University of Kansas
History Department Ph.D. Requirements
The student is also responsible for the general History Department Requirements as described in the Graduate Program Manual, although some of these are subsumed by the Field Committee requirements.
A minimum of eleven courses (33 credit hours) is required for the Ph.D. Students may choose between two options for their course work.
A. Track A
- Students will offer a major and two secondary fields.
- The major field includes six courses (18 credit hours)The secondary fields include two courses (six credit hours)--Total of 12 credit hours; one of the secondary fields may be taken in a discipline outside the History Department, but a student may offer all three fields in History
B. Track B
- Students will select two major fields, for which they will take a total of eight courses (24 credit hours), and one secondary field, for which they will take two courses (6 credit hours). The secondary field may be taken in a discipline outside the History Department, but a student may offer all three fields in History.
- Under the major fields students may chose a 4/4 or a 5/3 configuration for their eight courses.
- Students are required to take History 805 (or its equivalent).
For both Track A and Track B, the major and the secondary fields will be those designated in the Graduate Catalog and the History Department Graduate Handbook. These will include those traditionally designated as major and secondary fields and any thematic fields that may be established on the basis of an appropriate core of faculty and specified, regular course offerings.
Each major thematic field will require as a core course, History 806: The Study of ___________.
Modern European Field Committee Requirements for Ph.D.
For Ph.D. majors the following basic requirements must be met.
1) The doctoral dissertation is the most important aspect of any doctoral student's program of study. Work on the dissertation will be the primary gauge by which faculty can evaluate the student's accomplishment and potential as an historian. This central concern should be kept in mind as a student selects his or her program of study (i.e., secondary fields, timing of courses, etc.). Throughout a doctoral student's program of study the relationship with his or her dissertation director is a fundamental one. A student must declare his/her prospective dissertation director early in the first semester of enrollment in the graduate program. This choice will, of course, be determined by the area in which the student's proposed dissertation research falls. The student is encouraged to consult regularly (certainly once per semester) with his/her dissertation director about any matter concerning the student's work and about progress toward the Ph.D. degree. Although the graduate advisor for the European area must sign enrollment cards for all students during the advising period each semester, dissertation directors should also approve course selection before each enrollment.
2) Majors in Modern European History at the doctoral level are required to enroll in the seminar in Modern European history (History 934) for at least two semesters. The seminar will be offered by the field at least one time every academic year. Readings courses may be substituted for the seminar only in exceptional cases with strongly compelling circumstances, and through formal petition to the Graduate Advisor for the European Field.
3) Colloquia series in European History:
I. Renaissance-1648
II. 1610-1789
III. 1748-1914
IV. 1870-present
The Standing Field Committee undertakes to offer these colloquia on a regular basis. Students need not take them in a particular order, but must take all four colloquia. Readings courses or upper-level undergraduate courses are not an adequate substitute, and will be approved as a substitute for one of the colloquia only with compelling justification and by formal petition to the Graduate Advisor for the European Field. These colloquia are considered to be the core of a student's preparation for the field examinations for Modern European history. Questions for the written exams will be drawn from themes covered in the colloquia.
4) When preparing to take the written field examinations, the student should talk to those faculty members responsible for his/her examination to clarify any questions concerning the scope of the examination.
5) Two foreign languages should be chosen with regard to the candidate's area of emphasis for the doctoral dissertation, and proficiency is desirable at the earliest possible moment in a student's program of study, especially where such languages are fundamental to research. Certification of reading knowledge of the two languages must be obtained before the student takes the final comprehensive oral examination.
6) The faculty in Modern European History recommend strongly that--except in cases where the emphasis of dissertation research suggests a more appropriate alternative--students select secondary fields in British History and/or Russia and East European History, since these areas of study are integrally related to the history of Modern Western European History.
7) Examinations for the Modern European field are described later in these guidelines.
Ph.D. students with secondary fields (i.e. non-majors) in Modern European history should choose two of the colloquia required of majors for the preparation of their field examinations. There are three possibilities for secondary fields:
- Europe, Renaissance-1789 (corresponding to colloquia I & II
- Europe, 1610-1914 (corresponding to colloquia II & III); or
- Europe, 1748-present (corresponding to colloquia III & IV)
As with majors, readings courses or upper-level undergraduate courses are not considered to be adequate substitutes for the colloquia series. No exceptions to these three possibilities for a secondary field in Modern European history will be allowed without compelling justification and a formal petition to the Graduate Advisor for the European field.
Students can assume that questions for the written examinations will be drawn from themes covered in the colloquia. When preparing to take the written examinations, students should talk to those faculty responsible for their examination. Questions concerning the scope of the examination should be addressed directly to the faculty members involved in the examination.
Requirements for the M.A. Degree: Please note that the student is also responsible for the general History Department requirements as described in the History Department's Graduate Program Manual/Handbook, although some of these are subsumed by the Field Committee requirements.
History Department MA requirements
The Master's program in History requires the satisfactory completion of thirty hours of graduate courses including at least six hours in history research seminars, and the passing of a comprehensive oral exam. Soon after admission to the graduate program, the student should select a faculty member as his/her advisor who will direct the student's work and advise the student as to the selection of option A or B:
A: Offer three fields of history: The fields shall be the equivalent of secondary fields drawn from three different major fields. When a student's program warrants a substitution, he/she may offer, with the consent of departmental advisors, an "allied field" outside the Department of History that would provide vital support for his/her MA program, such as International Relations for United States Diplomatic history.
B. Offer a major field and one secondary field. At least two history faculty members will serve on the student's MA committee for the major field.
At least eighteen hours of course work shall be taken in the major field and nine hours in the secondary field.
Nine (9) hours of work in courses numbered 801 or higher and six hours of research seminar are required. Normally, at least three (3) hours of seminar shall be taken with the student's program advisor who chairs the oral examine committee.
All master's candidates are required to produce a publishable, article-length paper (approximately 30 pages) in the context of the two seminars that are a requirement for the degree. The final oral examination for the master's degree will include questions concerning the paper as well as coverage of the student's major and secondary fields.
Modern European Field Committee requirements for M.A.
1) Throughout a master's student's program, the relationship with his/her program advisor is a fundamental one. A student should select his/her advisor early in the first semester of enrollment in the graduate program. This choice will be related to the area in which the student's primary research interest falls. Students are encouraged to consult regularly (certainly once per semester) with their advisor about any matter concerning their work and about their progress toward the degree.
2) Colloquia series in European history:
I. Renaissance-1648
II. 1610-1789
III. 1748-1914
IV. 1870-Present
The Standing Field Committee undertakes to offer these colloquia on a regular basis. These colloquia are considered to be the core of a student's preparation for field examinations in Modern European history. In preparation for their field exams, students at the MA level should select two of the colloquia in sequence (i.e., either I and II, II and III, or III and IV).
3) Enrollment in the seminar in Modern European history (HIS 934) for two semesters is required of all MA candidates who are majors in Modern European history. The seminar will be offered at least once each academic year.
4) When preparing to take the field exam, the student should talk to those faculty members responsible for his/her examination to clarify any questions concerning the scope of the exam.
5) Foreign languages are not required at the MA level, but for students in European history, they are almost always indispensable for research. Therefore, students should acquire proficiency in those languages related to their program of study at the earliest possible moment. Majors in European history will be expected to demonstrate this proficiency in the use of foreign language sources for their research in graduate seminars.
6) The faculty in Modern European history recommend strongly that--except in cases where the emphasis of their research suggests a more appropriate alternative--students select minor fields in British history and/or Russian and East European history, since these areas of study are integrally related to the history of Modern Western European history.
MA students with secondary fields (i.e. non-majors) in Modern European history should choose two of the colloquia required of majors for the preparation of their field examinations. There are three possibilities for secondary fields:
A) Europe, Renaissance-1789 (corresponding to colloquia I and II)
B) Europe, 1610-1914 (corresponding to colloquia II and III); or
C) Europe, 1748-present (corresponding to colloquia (III and IV)
As with majors, readings courses or upper-level undergraduate courses are not considered to be adequate substitutes for the colloquia series. NO EXCEPTIONS to these three possibilities for a secondary field in Modern European history will be allowed without compelling circumstances for justification and by formal petition to the graduate advisor for the European field.
Students can assume that questions for the oral examination will be drawn from themes covered in the colloquia. When preparing to take the examination, students should talk to those faculty responsible for their examinations. Questions concerning the scope of the examination should be addressed directly to the faculty members involved in the examination.
British Imperial History
The history of the British Isles, and of British possessions overseas, is among the most historically rich of any area of the world. Two things make Britain so important and unavoidable for the professional historian. First, the momentous nature of what has happened in these islands for the politics, culture, philosophy, economy, science and technology of the rest of the world. Whether we are explaining the rise of parliament and the common law; or the resistance to various forms of European political totalitarianism; or the splitting of the atom, the invention of the computer and the discovery of DNA, we are drawn to British history. Second, the historiography of the British Isles is as extensive and sophisticated as that of any civilization anywhere. Whether in social history, administration, literature, the arts, high or low politics, the sources in Britain survive to a remarkable degree, and a succession of scholars of outstanding ability has been drawn to work on them: we can learn as much about the historian's art by following this historiography as any other. The University of Kansas offers students an integrated array of courses from the earliest times to the present, and concentrating, at graduate level, on the period from c. 1500.
Resources for British history at KU are outstanding. The British Seminar, meeting at the Hall Center for the Humanities, provides a forum for graduate students and Faculty in an interdisciplinary setting. The Watson Library, the main library at the Lawrence campus, is complemented by the Spencer Research Library. This institution, with holdings in manuscripts and printed books from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries, is a major collection that may in some ways be compared with the Clark Library and the Huntington Library in California, the Newberry Library in Chicago and the Folger Library in Washington. Kansas is for these reasons far ahead of the resources available at most of its peer universities.
Faculty in the British Imperial at the University of Kansas
All have additional interests outside these areas (described on the History Department's web page). Thematically, they include modern social history, including social policy and criminology; Ireland; religion; political thought; literature; colonial America; cultural and intellectual history.
Guide to Graduate Study
This guide to the field of study, Great Britain and the Empire, is a formal description of the minimum requirements of the Ph.D. and M.A. degrees. It is no substitute for discussion with the graduate advisor in British history, Professor Bailey. If you have any questions concerning the program in Britain and the Empire, please consult him.
Requirements of the Ph.D. Degree
A. Departmental requirements
In addition to the general requirements of the Graduate School, the following departmental requirements must be met. For fuller details, see the Graduate Handbook.
Every doctoral student shall offer three fields: a major field, upon some aspect of which the dissertation shall be written, and two secondary fields. The secondary fields of each student shall be chosen from two different major fields. None of those major fields may be the one including the student's area of emphasis. A field outside of history may be offered as one of the two secondary fields, but a student may offer both secondary fields in history. A student wishing to do a fourth field may petition the Graduate Board.
A reading knowledge of at least two foreign languages, approved by the student's examining committee as appropriate to the student's field of interest, is required. Satisfactory evidence of ability to read one of these languages should be presented before enrollment in the second semester of work toward the Ph.D. degree. The second language requirement must be satisfied by the time the student takes his/her oral comprehensive examination and before enrolling in dissertation hours.*
The comprehensive examination shall consist of a series of written examinations covering each of the student's fields, followed by an oral examination covering all of the fields.
The student will have passed all written exams before the oral comprehensive exam. No student shall be permitted to take the oral part of the comprehensive examination before completing a minimum of five colloquia and seminars; three must be in the major field and one in each of the secondary fields. At least two of the five must be research seminars taken with different faculty members, and, where possible, at least one of these must be taken with the dissertation supervisor.
B. Field Committee Requirements
- For Ph.D. majors the following basic requirements must be met.
- Two colloquia or classes in early modern Britain and two colloquia or classes in modern Britain. The specific courses are:
- 541 British History 1500-1660
- 833 Colloquium in British History 1500-1660
- 555 Aspects of British Political Thought
- 558 Religion in Britain since the Reformation
- 545 British History 1660-1832
- 548 British History 1832-Present
- 830 Colloquium in 18th and 19th Century Britain
- 831 Colloquium in 20th-Century Britain
- 836 Colloquium in British Political Thought
- 837 Colloquium in Religion Since the Reformation
- Graduate Sequence in British History:
830 Colloquium in Eighteenth and Nineteenth-Century Britain
831 Colloquium in Twentieth-Century Britain
The courses need not be taken in any particular order, but all four courses must be taken. These courses are considered to be the core of a student's preparation for the field examinations for Britain and the Empire. Readings courses will be used only if the number of students is too small to warrant a formal course.
Additionally, for the written and oral comprehensive examinations, doctoral candidates will be expected to be familiar with the books required for work in the colloquia and seminar.
The doctoral dissertation is the most important aspect of any doctoral student's program of study. Work on the dissertation will be the primary gauge by which faculty can evaluate the student's accomplishment and potential as an historian. This central concern should be kept in mind as a student selects his or her program of study.
Ph.D. majors in Britain and the Empire are strongly recommended to offer, as one of their secondary fields, Modern European history. They should select the two colloquia in Modern European history which best correspond chronologically with the period of their dissertation.
Examinations for Britain and the Empire are described below, including information for both majors and non-majors at the M.A. and Ph.D. levels.
Otherwise, the student is expected to fulfill the general requirements of the Graduate School (see Graduate School Catalog) and the History Department, and each student should discuss these regulations with Professor Bailey at the moment of first enrollment.
Throughout a doctoral student's program of study the relationship with his/her dissertation director is a fundamental one. A student must declare his/her prospective dissertation director early in the second semester of enrollment in the graduate program. Thereafter, the student is encouraged to consult regularly with his/her dissertation director about any matter concerning their work and about their progress toward the Ph.D. degree. Dissertation directors should approve course selection before each enrollment.
Britain and the Empire as a Secondary Field for History Graduate Students
Ph.D. students with seconda[y fields (i.e. non-majors) in Britain and the Empire should choose any three of the colloquia or classes required of majors for the preparation of their field examinations. Students with secondary fields in Britain and the Empire are expected to be familiar with the books required for work in the colloquia and seminars.
Requirements of the M.A. Degree
A. Departmental Requirements
One of two programs may be selected after consultation with a graduate advisor. Proaram I requires satisfactory completion of 24 hours of course work and a thesis for 6 hours of credit. Proaram 11 requires satisfactory completion of 30 hours of course work, 6 hours of which must be in seminars. Within each program the M.A. student may choose after consultation with a graduate advisor one of the following plans.
PLAN A. Three secondary fields, each from a different major field, may be offered. A secondary field is defined as a significant portion of one of the major fields listed in the Graduate School Catalog. One of the secondary fields may be outside the Department of History, but must be closely related to the student's program in history.
PLAN B. The student may offer a major field and a secondary field that is a significant portion of another major field of history. Each student must take History 805, The Nature of History, or an approved course in the philosophy of history. Students in Program I will take 6 hours of History 899, Thesis, and at least 6 hours of colloquia and a research seminar in the 900 series. Students in Proaram 11 will take at least 9 hours of colloquia and 6 or more hours of seminar, 3 hours of the latter with the student's advisor.
B. Field Committee Requirements
(1) In preparation for their field examinations, M.A. students should select two of the colloquia. These courses are considered to be the core of a student's preparation for field examinations in Britain and the Empire. In addition, M.A. students must take one or two research seminars, according to the program and plan chosen. Though not a requirement, students should seriously consider either taken or auditing one or more of the 500-level courses in British history which corresponds chronologically or thematically to their two colloquia (see the above list). Please consult Professor Bailey for advice on these optional courses. (2) Additionally, for their written and oral comprehensive examinations, masters candidates will be expected to be familiar with the books required for work in the colloquia and seminars selected by the students. (3) For the major who has chosen the thesis option, the M.A. thesis is the most important aspect of his or her program of study. Work on the thesis will be the primary gauge by which the faculty can evaluate the student's accomplishment and his or her potential for further work as an historian. This central concern should be kept in mind as a student selects his or her program of study. (4) Examinations for Britain and the Empire are described below, including information for both majors and non-majors at the M.A. and Ph.D. levels. (5) Otherwise, the student is expected to fulfill the general requirements of the Graduate School (see Graduate School Catalog) and the Department of History, and each student should discuss these regulations with Professor Bailey at the moment of first enrollment. Throughout a masters student's program, the relationship with his or her thesis director is a fundamental one. A student who selects the thesis option should declare his or her prospective thesis director early in the first semester of enrollment in the graduate program. Thereafter, the student is encouraged to consult regularly-with his or her thesis director about any matter concerning their work and about their progress toward the M.A. degree. Thesis directors should approve course selection before each enrollment. THE CONDUCT OF WRITTEN EXAMINATIONS FOR THE M.A. AND THE Ph.D. IN BRITAIN AND THE EMPIRE For fuller details, see the Graduate Handbook. For each examination year, the British historians will prepare and conduct written examinations for all students being examined for the M.A. and the Ph.D. in Britain and the Empire.
Major fields for the Ph.D. - Great Britain and the Empire
Secondary fields for the Ph.D. and major and secondary fields for the M.A. are:
- HIST 836 and 837
- HIST 837 and 830
- HIST 830 and 831
The major field examinations for the Ph.D. will consist of two examinations each four hours in length. One will cover early modern Britain, the other will cover modern Britain. Major field examinations for the M.A. and minor (secondary) field examinations for the Ph.D. will be four hours in length. Those for secondary M.A. fields will last two hours.
In the preparation of the written examinations the following conditions will be observed:
- Normally a student will write on as many questions as there are hours allotted in the schedule above.
- A student will have a choice of at least three times the number of questions to choose from as he/she is required to answer. To assist students in preparing for the examinations, the departmental graduate office will maintain a file of previous examinations which may be consulted by candidates.
Russia and Eastern European History
Faculty in the Russia and Eastern European History at the University of Kansas
Center for Russian and East European Studies (CREES)
All above history faculty are members of the university's federally funded and internationally recognized Center for Russian and East European Studies, which has a separate M.A. program. A number of graduate history students co-enroll in that program. The Center hosts a weekly brown bag series on various aspects of the region, often presented by guest and visiting speakers and many other events. Academic year FLAS (Foreign Language and Area Studies) Center fellowships are also available for doctoral students.
Courtesy Faculty (available for special readings courses and as members of graduate committees):
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Maria Carlson, Professor, Slavic Literature: Russian and Ukrainian intellectual history.
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Jacob Kipp, Director, Foreign Army Studies, Fort Leavenworth: Russian history; Russian, Soviet, and post-Soviet military history; military planning, strategy and tactics.
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Bruce Menning, Professor, Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth: Russian history; Russian, Soviet, and post-Soviet military history and strategy.
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Alex Tsiovkh, Visiting Faculty from Lviv: Ukrainian history and culture.
A number of other current or former faculty and staff have expertise in the history of this area, including:
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Theodore Wilson, Professor, History: US diplomatic history; World War II; Cold War.
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John Dardess, Professor Emeritus: East Asia; Central Asia.
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Gerald Mikkelson, Professor, Slavic: Siberia; St. Petersburg.
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Rose Greaves, Professor Emeritus: Middle East.
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Edith Clowes, Professor, Slavic: Russian intellectual history.
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Heinrich Stammler, Professor Emeritus: Russian intellectual and religious history.
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Michael Palij, Professor Emeritus: Ukrainian history.
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Richard DeGeorge, Professor, Philosophy: Marxism.
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Brad Schaffner, Director, Slavic Division, KU Library: Russian and East European history.
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Kurt Schultz, Managing Editor, The Russian Review: Russian/Soviet history.
Requirements for the Major Field
A. M.A. Students
Students shall take a total of 18 credit-hours of course work in the major field, preferably including courses focusing both on Russia and on Eastern Europe. Students may elect to emphasize either Russian or East European history.
The M.A. program centers around graduate colloquia in Russian or East European history, and at least one research seminar. In the research seminar, students must undertake a project involving the use of primary and secondary materials in their original languages, and produce a paper of publishable quality. Upon their advisor's recommendation, students may count certain upper-level (500 and above) in CREES or the Slavic Department towards their degree.
B. Ph.D. Students
For the Ph.D. degree students must first fulfill the requirements for the M.A. degree listed above, and be formally admitted to the Ph.D. program. In addition, students must take a second research seminar in the Russia/East European field, producing a publishable-quality paper. Normally, students shall choose a specialization in either Russian or East European history, while gaining teaching competence in both areas.
C. Language Requirements
For both the M.A. and the Ph.D., students must demonstrate reading proficiency in their primary research language. Such proficiency usually requires a minimum of three years’ formal study at the university level, although it may also be gained through intensive courses, residence in the country, or family heritage. For the Ph.D., students must also demonstrate reading, writing, and speaking competence in the modern language of the country/people under study. They must also demonstrate a useable reading knowledge of a second foreign language appropriate to graduate study in the Russia/East Europe field.
D. Secondary Fields Students
Students shall select secondary fields for the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in consultation with their advisor. Many secondary fields dovetail well with a primary specialization in Russian/East European history. Some of the most common choices are:
Modern Europe; East Asian history; International, Military, or Diplomatic history; Medieval history; Early Modern Europe; Women’s history; History of religion; Russian and East European Studies; Slavic Languages or Literatures.
Russia and East Europe as a Secondary Field
A. For the M.A. Degree
Students must take a minimum of six credit-hours (two courses) in the Russia/East Europe field, including at least one course at the graduate (700/800) level.
B. For the Ph.D. Degree
Students must take a minimum of six credit-hours (two courses) in the Russia/East Europe field at the graduate (700/800) level.
C. A secondary field in Russia and East Europe
A secondary field in Russia and East Europe would be appropriate and valuable for students with a major emphasis in modern, early modern, or medieval Europe, East Asia, or the diplomatic, military, and women’s history thematic fields, as well as to students in political science, religious studies, or Slavic languages and literatures. Students who select Russia and Eastern Europe as a secondary field are not required to gain proficiency in East European languages.
Latin American History
Faculty in Latin America History at the University of Kansas
Requirements for the Ph.D
(1) pass language examinations in Spanish and Portuguese,
(2) take written and oral comprehensive examinations in both Colonial and National Latin American History,
(3) take at least one colloquium in Colonial (823 or 827) and one in National Latin American History (808, 820, 821, 822, 824, 825, 826), and at least one research seminar (900 level),
(4) fulfill all Departmental requirements--these include a total of 33 hours of graduate credit, and History 805: Nature of History, and
(5) write a dissertation based on original sources.
Also, students may choose between two options for their course work. In Track A students have one major (18 hours) and two secondary fields (two courses in each, 12 hours). In Track B students will offer two major fields (eight courses, 24 hours), plus one secondary field (two courses, 6 hours). All three fields may be offered in History or the secondary field (or one of the secondary fields) may be taken in a discipline outside the History Department. Students are encouraged to choose one non-History field such as Anthropology, Sociology, Economics, or Geography as a secondary field. Latin American History as a Secondary Field: Proficiency in Spanish and/or Portuguese is useful but not required.
With the help of a Latin American History faculty member students should define the configurations of the field. Possible fields include topical fields such as urban, diplomatic, environmental, social, or labor history of Latin America, or the history of women and/or the family in Latin America. Students may focus on a topical field that spans the time period from 1492 to the present or they can focus more generally on either the colonial or the national period. Ordinarily the student will take a minimum of six hours of graduate credit for the secondary field.
Library and Other Resources
The University of Kansas Library system has been systematically collecting Latin American materials including books, periodicals, maps, and documents since the 1950s. It has outstanding collections in Central America and Brazil and several South American countries and it provides access to an ever-increasing number of electronic databases. Through exchange relationships with many universities and research centers in Latin America University of Kansas students have ready access to conduct research in the field. In addition, Latin American specialists in fields related to History, such as the History of Art, Spanish and Portuguese, Geography, Environmental Studies, and Anthropology, provide graduate students in Latin American History to broaden research opportunities.
Recent Dissertations
- "Runaway Daughters and Dangerous Women: Work, Sexuality, and Gender Relations Among the Working Class in Porfirian Oaxaca, Mexico," Kathryn Sloan,
- "A Tripartite Study of Nicaragua, Costa Rica and U.S. Relations," Marcia Olander, 1999
- "Purifying the Environment for the Coming New Dawn: Anarchism and Counter-Cultural Politics in Cuba," Kirk Shaffer, 1998
- "Class and Ethnicity in the Canton of Cayambe, The Roots of Ecuador's Modern Movement," Marc Becker, 1997
- "The Green Republic: The Conservation History of Costa Rica, 1838-1996," Sterling Evans, 1997
- "The Impact of Jacques Maritain's Political Thought in 20th Century Latin America," Mario Ramos-Reyes, 1996
Courses
The Department of History offers a wide variety of courses focusing on specific countries or regions such as Brazil, Mexico, and Central America and on topics such as Latin American economic, cultural, and family history. Courses numbered 500 and above can be taken by graduate students, but after the first year graduate students should be taking courses at the 800 and 900 levels.
The following is an abbreviated list of current courses at the Colloquium or Seminar level for Latin America
- Hist 808: Colloquium on Comparative History: This course takes a thematic approach to cities, labor, immigration, the family, political thought, or industrialization. It often focuses on Latin America and Africa
- Hist 820: Colloquium on Popular Culture in Latin America: Investigation of themes such a hybridity, cultural imperialism, and gender roles applied with a cross-disciplinary perspective to phenomena such as film, art, carnival, music, and telenovelas themes.
- Hist 821: Colloquium on Iberian and Latin American Democracy: Focus on evolution of government with special emphasis to promotion of democracy.
- Hist 822: Colloquium on the Urban History of Latin America: Growth of urban culture in the colonial and modern periods with attention to public space, crime, public health, housing, artisans, leisure activities and social protest.
- Hist 823: Colloquium on Colonial Latin America: Major themes and issues of colonial period including ethnohistorical studies, gender ideology, political evolution, economic change, and hegemony.
- Hist 824: Seminar on Labor in Latin America: Major problems in class conflict resulting from industrialization, including labor movements, women in the workforce, migration, and the relationship of workers to the state.
- Hist 825: Seminar in Latin American Foreign Relations: The history of Latin American attitudes and policies toward other parts of the world. Imperialism, pan-americanism, international cooperation, NAFTA and Mercosur.
- Hist 826: Seminar in Twentieth Century South America: Research seminar focus on themes such as poverty, the dirty wars, rise of military regimes, and persistence of traditional cultures.
- Hist 827: Colloquium on the Social History of Latin America: Explores historiography and themes of Latin American social history from conquest to present. Indigenous groups, peasants, slaves, women, families, workers and the poor are possible focus.
- Hist 853: Seminar on the Atlantic World in the Early Modern Period: Focus on interactions between old world and new world in three centuries after Columbus.
- Hist 950: Seminar in Latin American History: focus on specific theme in Latin American History.
- Hist 951: Seminar in Latin American Revolutions: Focus on upheavals such as those in Mexico 1910, Guatemala in 1944, Bolivia in 1952, Cuba in 1959, and Nicaragua in 1979.
- Hist 952: Seminar in Ideology, Violence and Social Change in Latin America: Focus on role of ideas and ideologies, values and cultural norms in history of Latin America. Political action and efforts toward social control will be major themes, as will "social change" and when it can be said to have occurred.
History of Women and Gender
Faculty in the History of Women and Gender at the University of Kansas
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